About 25 million Nigerians are at risk of facing hunger between June and August 2023 (lean season) if urgent action is not taken, according to the October 2022 Cadre Harmonisé, a Government led and UN supported food and nutrition analysis carried out twice a year.
According to a joint press release by FAO-UNICEF-OCHA, this is a projected increase from the estimated 17 million people currently at risk of food insecurity.
The statement said continued conflict, climate change, inflation and rising food prices are key drivers of this alarming trend.
Food access has been affected by persistent violence in the north-east states of Borno, Adamawa and Yobe (BAY) and armed banditry and kidnapping in states such as Katsina, Sokoto, Kaduna, Benue and Niger.
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The statement said according to the National Emergency Management Agency (NEMA) widespread flooding in the 2022 rainy season damaged more than 676,000 hectares of farmlands, which diminished harvests and increased the risk of food insecurity for families across the country.
The flooding is one of the effects of climate change and variability impacting Nigeria. More extreme weather patterns affecting food security are anticipated in the future.
“Of the 17 million people who are currently food insecure, 3 million are in the north-east BAY states. Without immediate action this figure is expected to increase to 4.4 million in the lean season.
“This includes highly vulnerable displaced populations and returnees who are already struggling to survive a large-scale humanitarian crisis in which 8.3 million people need assistance”, the statement stated.
“The food security and nutrition situation across Nigeria is deeply concerning,” said Mr. Matthias Schmale, the Resident and Humanitarian Coordinator for Nigeria.
“I have visited nutrition stabilization centres filled with children who are fighting to stay alive. We must act now to ensure they and others get the lifesaving support they need” he said.
Approximately 6 of the 17 million food insecure Nigerians today are children under 5 living in Borno, Adamawa, Yobe, Sokoto, Katsina and Zamfara states.
There is a serious risk of mortality among children attributed to acute malnutrition. In the BAY states alone, the number of children suffering from acute malnutrition is expected to increase from 1.74 million in 2022 to 2 million in 2023.
The statement said UNICEF, working with government and partners such as MSF and ALIMA, is investing in scaling up preventive nutrition interventions, while ensuring that vulnerable children have access to life-saving nutrition services.
“In 2022, UNICEF with partners was able to reach approximately 650,000 children with life-saving nutrition services across the six states mentioned above.
“The north-west region, around Katsina, Zamfara and Sokoto states, is an increasing food insecurity and malnutrition hotspot.
“An estimated 2.9 million people are currently critically food insecure (Cadre Harmonisé Phase 3 or worse), and this figure is projected to increase to 4.3 million in the lean season if urgent action is not taken.
“With partners, FAO has been supporting government to restore livelihoods in the north-east and north-west regions.
“This includes livestock production, crop production, homestead micro gardening, value chain development and aquaculture”, it noted.
The statement however said the United Nations is calling the Government of Nigeria, the donor community, and public and private stakeholders to urgently commit resources and implement mitigation measures to save lives and prevent a potentially catastrophic food security and nutrition situation.
The Cadre Harmonisé (CH) analysis was conducted in 26 of Nigeria’s 36 states, including the Federal Capital Territory.
The CH is an analysis on food security led by the Government of Nigeria through the Federal Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (FMARD) in partnership with development partners, FAO, UNICEF and WFP.
Results from the CH analysis have become the major yardstick for estimating the geographical areas and populations of vulnerable people in need of urgent humanitarian assistance to prevent food insecurity and malnutrition.
